Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons).Motor neurons transmit electrical signals that cause muscles to contract. An EMG translates these signals into graphs, sounds or numerical values that a specialist interprets.An EMG uses tiny devices called electrodes to transmit or detect electrical signals.During a needle EMG, a needle electrode inserted directly into a muscle records the electrical activity in that muscle.A nerve conduction study, another part of an EMG, uses electrodes taped to the skin (surface electrodes) to measure the speed and strength of signals traveling between two or more points.EMG results can reveal nerve dysfunction, muscle dysfunction or problems with nerve-to-muscle signal transmission.