Wisdom tooth extraction is a surgical procedure to remove one or more wisdom teeth - the four permanent adult teeth located at the back corners of your mouth on the top and bottom.If a wisdom tooth doesn't have room to grow (impacted wisdom tooth), resulting in pain, infection or other dental problems, you'll likely need to have it pulled. Wisdom tooth extraction may be done by a dentist or an oral surgeon. Some dentists and oral surgeons recommend wisdom tooth extraction even if impacted teeth aren't causing problems, as a preventive measure against potential future problems.