Introduction

Laser treatment for piles is a non-invasive surgical technique that utilizes high-intensity laser beams to shrink the piles (the dilated veins in the rectum that cause extreme discomfort and bleeding). While lifestyle alterations are a significant part of the piles’ treatment, an individual may require medical intervention in critical cases. Most treatment options are invasive and painful, with a long recovery process. Laser treatment allows an individual to get rid of piles via a painless, quick procedure with a fast recovery. 

Preparation for a Laser Treatment for Piles

• The patient’s medical and personal history will be discussed.
• The surgeon will conduct a rectal examination by inserting gloved and lubricated fingers inside the anus to understand the pile’s location.
• The patient will be advised to stop smoking and avoid alcohol.
• The surgeon will recommend the following tests:
• Anoscopy: This test comprises a tubular device fitted with a camera that aids in observing the anus and rectum.
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy: In this procedure, a tube called a sigmoidoscope is inserted into the anus to aid the surgeon in visualizing the anus and rectum. 
• Routine tests are also performed, such as complete blood count, X-ray, and urine tests.
• The patient will be suggested to fast for 8–12 hours before the surgery.
• The patient can go back to their home on the same day as the surgery. 

How is Laser Treatment for Piles Performed?

• An enema will be given to the individual 2 hours before the start of the procedure to facilitate emptying the bowels.
• The patient will be asked to lie in a lithotomy position (on the back with legs wide apart) as this position gives an excellent view of the surgery.
• Patients will be administered anesthesia to numb them to the pain.
• A proctoscope will be put into the anus. 
• This tube is fitted with a Doppler probe, which aids in locating the end arteries that supply blood to the piles. 
• Once the artery is discovered, a laser fiber is put into the anus through the same tube.
• The surgeon then employs laser shots on the recognized piles. 
• Laser aids in contracting the blood vessels that supply the piles. It leads to the discontinuation of the blood supply, diminishing the piles. 

After a Laser Treatment for Piles: What to Expect

• Laser surgery for piles requires approximately half an hour to finish. Patients can go home the same day once the effects of anesthesia wear off. 
• Recovery from the procedure takes approximately 6 to 8 weeks. 
• Once the surgery is completed, the patient will be moved to a recovery room where vitals, i.e., temperature, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, will be observed.
• The effects of anesthesia will take approximately 6 hours to wear off. Patients may experience pain in the head during this period.
• During the process, the bladder and rectum muscles go into spasm. So, the patient may have trouble passing urine. If needed, a catheter may be placed to evacuate the bladder.
• The patient will experience pain and blood in stools for one week to 10 days after the surgery.
• Once vitals are stable, the patient will be discharged and sent home.

While being discharged, the patient will receive a comprehensive list of instructions regarding post-operative wound care.

• The patient can resume their daily routine after a day or two of rest. But they should refrain from overexerting themselves.
• Take frequent Sitz baths.
• Take the specified stool softeners frequently to keep stools soft.
• Do not hold stools for long. 
• Avoid utilizing tissues after bowel movements.
• Avoid spicy, oily, and salty food. Include a lot of fibrous food in your diet.
• Stay hydrated by drinking a lot of water.

If the individual faces complications post-laser treatment, they should seek immediate medical attention!

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